Mean airway pressure (MAP) is influenced by which two factors?

Mean airway pressure (MAP) is a critical parameter in mechanical ventilation, as it reflects the average pressure in the airways during a respiratory cycle. It plays a significant role in determining oxygenation and ventilation. The correct factors influencing MAP are peak inspiratory pressure and PEEP (positive end-expiratory pressure).

Peak inspiratory pressure is the highest pressure applied to the airway during inhalation. This factor directly affects the pressure within the airways and, consequently, the mean airway pressure. Higher peak inspiratory pressures elevate MAP, which can improve alveolar recruitment and oxygenation but also carries the risk of potential barotrauma.

PEEP, on the other hand, maintains a certain level of pressure in the airways at the end of expiration. This helps to keep alveoli open, improving lung function and gas exchange. By adding PEEP, there is an increase in MAP because the baseline airway pressure is elevated, leading to improved oxygenation and decreased shunting of blood away from ventilated areas.

Together, peak inspiratory pressure and PEEP are integral components in managing MAP and optimizing respiratory support in neonates requiring mechanical ventilation. Understanding how these two factors influence MAP is essential for effective respiratory care in the neonatal population.