What commonly occurs with hypoglycemia in stressed neonates?

Hypoglycemia in stressed neonates often results in the suppression of insulin production. In this physiological response, the body recognizes low glucose levels and attempts to conserve glucose for essential functions. When a neonate is stressed, such as during illness, hypoxia, or other stressors, the stress response triggers the release of counter-regulatory hormones, like glucagon and cortisol, which lead to a decrease in insulin secretion. This suppression helps to maintain blood glucose levels by promoting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, thus preventing further drops in blood sugar.

On the other hand, increased insulin levels would lead to further reductions in blood glucose, contrary to what is needed in a hypoglycemic state. Improved gas exchange primarily pertains to respiratory function and does not directly relate to glucose metabolism in neonates. An increased metabolic rate generally would contribute to higher glucose consumption, which would be counterproductive in the context of hypoglycemia. Therefore, the body's response to stress in neonates is a protective mechanism aimed at stabilizing blood glucose levels around hypoglycemic events through the suppression of insulin production.