What does the term "double bubble" refer to in imaging studies?

The term "double bubble" specifically refers to the appearance of gastric and duodenal distension seen on imaging studies, particularly in infants. This radiological sign is an important indicator in the diagnosis of congenital duodenal atresia, a condition where the duodenum is partially or completely obstructed. When an X-ray is taken, the stomach and proximal part of the duodenum become distended with air or fluid, leading to a characteristic "double bubble" appearance.

This sign is clinically significant because it can help guide immediate management and identify the underlying issue that may require surgical intervention. Recognizing the "double bubble" pattern allows healthcare providers to assess and plan for the appropriate care for the infant, focusing on potential surgical needs and preparing for post-operative management.