What is a known effect of maternal beta-mimetics like terbutaline on the newborn?

Maternal beta-mimetics, such as terbutaline, are often used in obstetrics to delay preterm labor by promoting uterine relaxation. One of the significant effects of these medications on the newborn is hypoglycemia due to hyperinsulinemia.

When terbutaline is administered to the mother, it can lead to increased levels of maternal blood glucose and, consequently, stimulate fetal insulin production. This elevated insulin level can result in neonatal hypoglycemia after birth, particularly if the infant is not put to breast or does not receive adequate feedings shortly after delivery. Newborns often rely on the immediate intake of glucose from breastfeeding or formula feeding to maintain their blood sugar levels, and if they are exposed to high maternal blood glucose levels during the third trimester due to terbutaline, the subsequent drop in glucose after delivery can cause hypoglycemia in the baby.

Understanding this effect is crucial for neonatal care providers, as it informs their monitoring and intervention strategies for newborns exhibiting signs of hypoglycemia. Awareness of hyperinsulinemia related to maternal beta-mimetic use can prompt early screening and proactive management of blood sugar levels in susceptible infants.