What is a recognized neonatal risk factor for sepsis?

The recognized neonatal risk factor for sepsis is low birth weight. Low birth weight infants, often defined as those weighing less than 2500 grams at birth, are at a significantly higher risk for infections, including sepsis. This is primarily due to their underdeveloped immune systems and the potential for having been exposed to infection in the perinatal period, especially if they were preterm. These infants may also have impaired skin and mucosal barriers and more frequent medical interventions, which further elevate their risk.

Advanced maternal age, while it can be associated with certain complications in pregnancy, is not a specific neonatal risk factor for sepsis. Additionally, although male gender has been associated with certain conditions and outcomes, it is not a direct risk factor for sepsis by itself. Single pregnancy, while typically associated with fewer risks than multiple gestations, does not have a direct correlation with neonatal sepsis in the way low birth weight does. Thus, low birth weight stands out as the most crucial indicator relating to the risk of sepsis in neonates.