What is the likely outcome if rupture of membranes occurs for more than 24 hours?

The likelihood of infection increases if the rupture of membranes persists for more than 24 hours. When the protective amniotic sac breaks, it exposes both the fetus and the uterine environment to potential pathogens. The longer the membranes remain ruptured, the greater the risk of ascending infections from the vaginal canal into the uterus, which can lead to chorioamnionitis, an infection of the amniotic fluid and membranes. This can have serious implications for both the mother and the fetus, potentially leading to preterm labor, sepsis in the newborn, and other complications.

The other options do not accurately reflect the implications of prolonged rupture of membranes. For instance, the risk of fetal anomalies is generally not associated with this situation directly. Maternal complications are more likely to increase rather than decrease in this scenario. Improvement in fetal health is not a possible outcome, as the risk of infection and its associated complications would overshadow any potential benefits. Therefore, recognizing the increased risk of infection is crucial for managing care effectively in the context of ruptured membranes.