What is the most severe stage of ROP?

The most severe stage of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is indeed Stage V. This stage is characterized by complete retinal detachment, which represents a significant vision threat and often irreversible damage to the retina. In Stage V, the abnormal blood vessels have led to severe complications where the retina is no longer properly attached to the underlying tissue. This condition can result in profound visual impairment or blindness, underscoring the gravity of this stage.

ROP progresses through several stages, with each stage reflecting an increasing severity of the disease. Understanding the stages helps healthcare providers assess the risk of visual impairment in neonates. The earlier stages, such as Stage I and Stage II, involve less severe changes, while Stage III signifies more advanced disease without yet resulting in retinal detachment. Stages IV and V indicate progressively severe damage, but Stage V is definitive in indicating an end-stage process that can prevent any possibility of normal vision.