What side effect can steroids cause in neonatal patients?

The correct response identifies that steroids can lead to suppressed growth and hypertension in neonatal patients. Steroids, particularly glucocorticoids, have known side effects due to their effects on various metabolic pathways. In neonates, the administration of corticosteroids might lead to alterations in endocrine functions, including suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which influences growth hormone production.

Additionally, steroids can contribute to sodium retention and may increase blood volume, which can result in elevated blood pressure. This hypertensive effect is particularly significant in vulnerable populations, such as neonates, who may already be at risk for blood pressure dysregulation due to their immature organ systems.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the common side effects of steroids in neonates. Decreased blood pressure, lower heart rate, and increased immune response are not typical effects associated with steroid use in this population. Neonates treated with steroids are more likely to experience growth suppression and hypertension as they undergo treatment for various conditions, highlighting the importance of monitoring these patients closely.