When do signs of congenital hypothyroidism typically appear?

Congenital hypothyroidism is a condition that often presents subtle signs, which can sometimes delay its recognition. Typically, the signs of congenital hypothyroidism may not be evident immediately after birth but usually become noticeable within the first few weeks of life. Infants can appear normal at first, but as time progresses, symptoms such as poor feeding, lethargy, hypotonia, and dry skin may begin to appear.

By six weeks after birth, it becomes more common for healthcare providers to identify the clinical signs due to the accumulation of effects from the lack of thyroid hormone, which is crucial for growth and development. This timeframe aligns with the routine newborn screening for thyroid function that often occurs within the first month of life, allowing for early detection and management of the condition. Therefore, recognizing that the signs typically emerge by this time span is critical for early diagnosis and intervention, which can greatly impact the infant's long-term health outcomes.