Which condition is characterized by early mandibular hypoplasia resulting in airway obstruction?

The condition characterized by early mandibular hypoplasia resulting in airway obstruction is Pierre-Robin sequence. This sequence refers to a triad of features: micrognathia (small jaw), glossoptosis (posterior displacement of the tongue), and airway obstruction. The hypoplasia of the mandible creates a smaller airway space, which can lead to significant breathing difficulties, particularly in neonates. This is why timely recognition and management are crucial for infants with this condition.

In contrast, DiGeorge Syndrome is associated with a variety of cardiac anomalies and immunodeficiencies, and while it can have facial dysmorphisms, it is not primarily characterized by mandibular hypoplasia resulting in airway problems. Trisomy 21, commonly known as Down syndrome, involves various physical and developmental challenges but does not predominantly feature mandibular hypoplasia as a primary characteristic. Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome includes growth abnormalities and an increased risk of tumors, but it typically does not involve the airway obstruction linked with mandibular hypoplasia seen in Pierre-Robin sequence. Thus, the connection of early mandibular hypoplasia to airway obstruction distinctly identifies Pierre-Robin sequence as the correct condition in this context.