Which factor can significantly affect neonatal WBC counts?

The sampling technique used for obtaining the white blood cell (WBC) count in neonates is crucial, as it can introduce variability in the results. Accurate collection methods, including the use of appropriate devices, the timing of the sample, and the handling of the specimen, are important to ensure that the WBC counts accurately reflect the newborn's condition. For instance, if blood is drawn improperly or in an uncontrolled environment, it could lead to hemolysis or contamination, which can artificially elevate or decrease the WBC count.

While factors such as the type of delivery, maternal diet, and the age of the newborn do have some influence on a neonate's immune status and overall health, they do not directly change how a WBC count is measured or the precision of that measurement. Therefore, the sampling technique stands out as a significant determinant in obtaining accurate WBC counts in neonates.