Which finding is NOT associated with RDS X-ray patterns?

In the context of radiographic findings associated with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in neonates, the correct response highlights that increased lung volumes are not typically a feature of RDS.

RDS is characterized by inadequate surfactant production, leading to decreased lung compliance and resulting in atelectasis (collapse of alveoli). Consequently, the typical X-ray patterns observed in RDS include a ground glass appearance and air bronchograms, both indicative of the presence of fluid and lack of air in the alveoli. Ground glass opacities reflect the ineffective aeration of the lungs, while air bronchograms show the outlines of airways filled with fluid, which is another hallmark of the condition.

Diffuse thickening may also be seen as a result of edema and inflammation in the lung tissue associated with RDS. However, increased lung volumes suggest hyperinflation, which is contrary to the representation of limited air entry and collapsed lung segments seen in RDS. Therefore, recognizing that increased lung volumes do not align with the pathophysiology of RDS provides clarity on the X-ray findings characteristic of this condition.