Which of the following is a common cause of urethral obstruction leading to acute renal failure?

The common cause of urethral obstruction leading to acute renal failure is urinalysis that identifies ureteral strictures as a key contributor. Ureteral strictures can occur due to various reasons such as scar tissue formation after surgery, underlying medical conditions, or trauma. When the ureters become narrowed, it impedes the normal flow of urine from the kidneys to the bladder, leading to urine backing up into the kidneys. This backup can increase pressure within the renal structures, resulting in kidney damage and acute renal failure.

In contrast, glomerulonephritis primarily affects the glomeruli of the kidneys and does not directly cause a physical obstruction in the urethra. Nephrolithiasis, or kidney stones, can also lead to obstruction, but typically in the ureters itself rather than urethral obstruction, which is more relevant in the context of urethral issues. Chronic kidney disease leads to gradual kidney function decline rather than an acute obstruction scenario. Thus, understanding the pathway and implications of urethral strictures highlights their role in causing acute renal failure due to obstruction.